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Exhibit Guide Home Exhibits Introduction Founding Generation Founding Documents You Be the Judge Defining Freedom The Struggle Continues Faces of Freedom Marketplace of Ideas Censorship: What Is It? Musical Hit List Draw the Line Resources Museum Map Glossary |
 Defining Freedom > Freedom of Assembly > Answer to Question 3 No. First Amendment rights do not apply to private property—including shopping malls. Lloyd Corporation v. Tanner (1972) Vietnam war protestor Donald Tanner distributed anti-war leaflets inside Lloyd Center Mall in Portland, Ore. The mall was privately owned and had a rule prohibiting the distribution of handbills on mall property. Tanner and other protestors were warned by mall security to stop or face arrest. The protestors left and filed a lawsuit against the mall owners, Lloyd Corporation. The Supreme Court ruled that shopping mall owners could prohibit protestors from assembling on their property. The First Amendment applies to public, not private property. |
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